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Electric Circuits and Network Theorems
Electric Circuits and Network Theorems
There are certain theorems which are applied to the solutions of electric networks. These theorems can also be applied to an AC Systems, with the only difference that the impedances are replaced with the ohmic resistance of the DC Systems. Different electric circuits are defined below:
Circuit
A circuit is a closed conducting path or region in which an electric current flows in a particular path.
Parameters
The different elements or components which are installed or connected in an electric circuit are called the parameters of the circuit like resistors-capacitors etc.
Linear Circuit
A linear circuit is one whose parameters are constant and they do not change their behavior with voltage and current.
Non Linear Circuit
These are the circuits whose parameters change with voltage or current.
Bilateral Circuits
These are the circuits that have same properties and same characteristics in either direction. The usual transmission line is bilateral, because it is used to transfer electricity in either direction.
Unilateral Circuit
These are the circuits whose properties and characteristics change with the direction according to its operation. A Diode Rectifier is a unilateral circuit because it cannot perform rectification in both directions.
Electric Network
A combination of different electric components, connected in any manner is called an electric network.
Passive Network
A circuit that doesn’t contain any source of EMF in it is called passive network.
Active Network
It is a circuit that contains one or more than one source of EMF in it.
Node
It is a junction in a circuit where two or more electric elements are connected together.
Branch
It is a part of a network which lies in between two junctions.
Loop
It is closed path in a circuit in which no electric component or node is encountered more than one.
Mesh
It is a loop that contains no other loop in it. For example a circuit is shown in Figure 1(a) has even branches, six nodes, three loops and two meshes whereas the circuit shown in Figure 1(b) has four branches, two nodes, six loops and three meshes. In this circuit an electric network would be assumed passive.
