Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic Induction is the process through which the electromotive force is produced across any electric conductor in a changing
magnetic field or a conductor rotating in a magnetic field. Electromagnetic induction has many applications in electrical
technology such as inductors, transformers, in motors and in generators.
Faraday's law
Faraday's Law states that:
"The induced electromotive
force in any closed circuit is equal to the negative of the time rate of change
of the magnetic flux enclosed
by the circuit".
Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction teaches us the use of magnetic flux through a wire. The magnetic flux is defined as:
Here ΦB is the
magnetic flux, dA is the element of the surface and B is the magnetic field.
When the flux through a surface changes then according to the faradays law of
induction the wire loop obtains an electromotive force. This law positions that the induced
electromotive force in any closed circuit is equal to the rate of
change of the magnetic
flux surrounded by the circuit.
Here
is the EMF, ΦB
is the magnetic flux and t is the time. The direction of the electromotive
force is given by the Lenz’s Law. It states that
‘’The principle stating that an electric current induced by a source such as a changing
magnetic field always creates a counterforce opposing the force inducing it’’.
The law accounts for such phenomena as dia-magnetism and the electrical properties of inductors. Then
is the EMF, ΦB
is the magnetic flux and t is the time. The direction of the electromotive
force is given by the Lenz’s Law. It states that‘’The principle stating that an electric current induced by a source such as a changing
magnetic field always creates a counterforce opposing the force inducing it’’.
The law accounts for such phenomena as dia-magnetism and the electrical properties of inductors. Then
Generating an EMF through a variation of the magnetic flux
through the surface of a wire loop can be achieved in several ways:
- The magnetic field B changes.
- The wire loop is deformed and the surface Σ changes.
- The orientation of the surface dA changes.
Uses
Electromagnetic Induction is used in the
following devices:
Current clamp, Electric
generators, Electromagnetic forming, Graphics tablet, Hall
effect meters, Induction cooking,
Induction motors, Induction sealing, Induction welding, Inductive
charging, Inductors,
Magnetic flow meters, Mechanically
powered flashlight, Pickups, Rowland ring, Transcranial
magnetic stimulation, Transformers, Wireless energy transfer.
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